Application of Ethno veterinary medicines in the treatment of mastitis in Dairy cattle:
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Dr.m.s.saravanan B.V.Sc.,M.A.,PGDCM.,
What do you mean by mastitis in cow?
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Mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary gland and udder tissue,it is usually occurs as an immune response to harmful organisms invasion of the teat canal by variety of sources present on the farm,and also occur as a result of injury to cow’s udder.
Causes of mastitis:
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1.Infections bacteria,viral,fungal and yeast
2.Inflammations
Physical,trauma
3.poor hygiene
4.deficiencies
Macro and micro minerals
5.stress conditions
6.heriditory conditions.
Type of mastitis:
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1.Dry cow mastitis
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Dry cow mastitis is occured during the Dry period of the cow.Dry period is a essential part of a cow’s lactation cycle.This period allows the lining of the udder to be repaied and restored, so that when lactation starts again,milk production optimal.Dry period usually at least 40 days of rest from milk production before calving.
Dry period divided in to three state
1.Invalution state
2.steady state
3.colostrum production state.
Involution state and colostrum production state are the period in which dry cow mastitis mostly occur in full term pregnant cow.
Dry cow mastitis incidence were more common during summer months of the year.
Treatment:
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Ethno veterinary treatment:
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Pepper 20 numbers crushed and provide orally to cow in case of suspected dry cow mastitis.Pepper increase the immunity of udder and reduce the incidence of dry cow mastitis. If there is no improvement allopathic treatment must be followed.
Treatment includes administration of long acting antibiotics to control the invading organisms.Antibiotic sensitivity test provided the information on effective antibiotic.
Combination of antibiotics which gave broad spectrum of coverage provided the instant results in the field condition. One such combination is gentamicin and Amoxycillin and cloxcillin.
Supportive therapy include anti inflammatory like flunixin meglumine, antihistamine like chlorpheniramine maleate and Becomplex injection helpful for the speedy recovery.
Oral Therapy:
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Trisodium citrate,vitA,vitE,and serratiopeptidase combination powder 60gm per day for 4 days was very effective supportive treatment.
preventive therapy for dry cow mastitis:
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Long acting antibiotic intramammary tubes administration after stopping of milking in all quarters was the only treatment with mixed results.
High milk yielding cows must provided with mineral mixture tonic or powder during entire lactation reduced the incidence of dry cow mastitis in endemic areas.But recommended dose must followed.Lime water feeding to dairy cattle along with feed and fodder is a natural calcium supplementation.
Regular cleaning of udder with potassium permanganate I.P one percent solution in water after every milking or Turmeric 1 percent in water can be used as a mastitis preventive method and low cost no cost technology in field condition.
2.SCM-subclinical mastitis in cows:
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SCM otherwise we can call it as mastitis with out swelling of udder.only prominent symptom is sudden loss of milk production.
Causes:
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SCM route cause is mainly SCHC (subclinical hypocalcaemia) and SARA
subclinical ruminal acidosis.This two conditions now very common in high milk yielding cows.
Production stress in high milk yielding cows due to lack of balanced diet lead to SCHC and SARA.This two conditions lead to loss of immunity,which favour the infection and SCM (sub clinical mastitis ).
Diagnosis: PH paper test is very useful farm side test . colour changes indicate the ph chance in milk of each quarter.
Treatment :1.complete stripping of milk from affected quarter every 2 hours.
2.reduce the concentrate feeding to body maintenance level for 3 days
3.application of ethno veterinary medicine
Fresh mixture of Aloe vera gel 100 to 150 gms,Turmeric 25 gms and Slaked lime 5 gms
Application on the suspected quarters. Oral medication of pepper 20numbers crushed.
4.In non responsive cases use the broad-spectrum antibiotic having good efficient to control the
SCM
4.check the milk of all cows with poor milk production record with ph paper.
5.correct the feeding management and provide proper vitamin and mineral supplements.
prevention :
prevention of SCM possible by correcting the SCHC and SARA.
providing balance diet and regular supplementation of vitamins and minerals .weekly analysis of all milk samples of cows with production loss give clear picture of SCM.
Lactating cow mastitis:
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Mastitis occur during lactation period is called lactating cow mastitis.
Types:
1.Early lactation mastitis
2.Peak lactation mastitis
3.Late lactation mastitis
These three types occur during different stages of mastitis due to production stress, cattle shed unhygienic conditions and diet with low level of macro and micro minerals and low protein or low energy.
Ethno veterinary medicine play vital role in control of lactation cow mastitis.
Hypocalcemia lead mastitis cases control by supplimentation of lime in water through diet.
Proper supplimentation of diet with ethno veterinary medicines tulsi10grams,turmeric powder 10grams and pepper grams in feed one week per month control the early lactation cow mastitis. These medicines prevent stress and prevent over production.
Lemon juice from 5 lemons,morning and evening for 3 days, reduce the production stress and peak yield mastitis.
Late lactation cow mastitis mostly occur before dry period.It is mostly physiological type.Advancement in pregnancy lead to hormonal changes lead to reduction in production and irregularities in milk secretions.Feeding pepper 10grams,Turmeric 10grams and tulsi 10grams daily for week provide stress relief,better immunity and prevention of mastitis.
In advance cases Allopathic treatment with anti inflammatory,Antihistamine and antibiotics provide good results.
Acute Mastitis:
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Sudden development of swelling, milk colour change,high fever,off feed and reduced milk production are the common symptoms of acute mastitis.
Ethno veterinary medicine for acute mastitis:
Aloe vera 100gm to 150 gm.
Turmeric powder 25 gm
Slacked lime 5 gm.
Mix three ingredients and applied in the swelling area.every time fresh preparation applied morning and evening for 3 days.
Management practices:
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Complete milking every two hours.stop feeding the concentrate.Application of cool water every time before the application of ethno veterinary medicine.
Chronic mastitis:
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Mastitis persist more than a week even after Allopathic treatment. Hard swelling of affected udder,colour change in milk,complete loss of milk production and less intake of feed are the common symptoms of chronic mastitis.
Ethno veterinary medicine:
Fresh lime 5 numbers orally morning and evening for a week.This treatment reduce the swelling as well as restore milk production.
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