Causes of Anaemia & Bottle Jaw in Sheep & Goats  

Causes of Anaemia & Bottle Jaw in Sheep & Goats  

Compiled by :

Dr . ASHOK KUMAR VALUPADASU

Deputy Director V&AH Dept TS

8500404016 / sathya0grazing@gmail.com

• In Sheep & Goat farming , the two seasonal major problems are

1. Anaemia ( indicated by pale mucous membranes )

1. Bottle jaw

• Anaemia and Bottle jaw reflect low RBC andlow blood protein levels

• Causes of Anaemia&Bottle jaw are

1. Internal parasites
2. Chronic diseases
3. Coccidiosis
4. Johnes Disease
5. Trauma
6. Nutritional Copper deficiency
7. Copper toxicity
8. Other mineral imbalances/deficiencies
9. Chronic malnutrition

• Among above all causes, the most common two causes are

1. Trematodes of liver / Liver flukes

ieFasciola hepatica&F.magna

1. Nematode / Round worm of Abomasum ie

Stomach worm / Haemonchuscontortus(Barber pole worm)

ANAEMIA

• occurs when there is a reduction ( below normal)in the number of RBC in the blood&reduction in blood protein

• Identified physically @ by presence of bottle jaw and pale mucous membranes

• Level of Anaemiais assessed byblood test&FAMACHA Card

• Blood test #Hb estimation @less by >20% than normal
• Serum protein assessment @ less by > 10% than normal
• • Best assessedby checking the colour of the mucous membranesof the eyes, gums, vulval lips and beneath tail

   

  • easy to do with a FAMACHA© card

  # 4 & 5 levels of  FAMACHA© card as shown in pic requires immediate attention

   

   

  BOTTLE JAW

   

  • is fluid accumulation in inter mandibular space
  • Edema is caused by disruption of the normal balance of pressure and/or proteinsbetween the blood and the spaces between cellslocated outside the blood vessels.

   

  • This disruption causes accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space which we see as edema.

   

   

  • Bottle jaw due to Haemonchus is associated by presence of subcutaneous mandibular edema as shown in right pic above, which is absent in Fasciola caused Bottle jaw ( left pic )

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