Good  Management  Practices For Successful Dairy Farming In India

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Good Management Practices For Successful Dairy Farming In India
Good Management Practices For Successful Dairy Farming In India

Good  Management  Practices For Successful Dairy Farming In India

Very glad to know that with 22 percent of global production , India is the largest milk producing country with 208 millions tonnes milk production and 428 g/day per capita availability in 2021.

Quality milk produce from healthy animals using management practices by dairy farmers that are sustainable from an animal welfare , social , economics  and environmental perspective employed at farm level .

Sometimes due to lack of awareness and knowledge the dairy farmers face many challenges like milk spoilage , diseases in animals (FMD, Rinderpest , Anthrax, black quarter )  etc.

For desired outcome farmers should apply good management practices –

  1. Nutrition (feed and water) – animals need to be fed and watered with product of suitable quality , quantity and safety . Milking cows must   given an average of 1.8-2.2 % of body weight daily as DM from average quality dry roughage .
  2. Animal health – animals in herd which produce milk need to be healthy and a effective health care programmes should be in place .
  3. Hygiene – milk should be harvested and stored under hygienic condition and milking equipment should be suitable and well maintained , as milk is contaminated by harmful bacteria ,viruses or others .
  4. Animal welfare – animal should kept according to following 5 freedoms as it gives cow comfort , so cow energy is devoted to milk production –

. freedom from thirst , hunger and malnutrition

. freedom from discomfort

. freedom from pain , injury and disease

. freedom from fear

. freedom to engage in relatively normal pattern of animal behavior.

  1. Environment – milk production should be managed in balance with the local environment surrounding the farm.
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Biosequirity protocols should be develop to identify and manage sources from introduced livestock , people, feed, water, and wildlife. It is always preferable to prevent the introduction of disease agent onto the farm .

  1. Socio-economic management – it can also help to manage the social and economic risk to the enterprise.
  2. Housing management – gives cow comfort and free from stressors like heat and cold stress, poor ventilation,adlibidum water is not supplemented.
  3. Pasture management for dairy farmers – once an improved grass-legume pasture is established it can remain productive and weed free , providing large amount of good quality feed for daily cows , bulls and young stock .

Maintain stocking rate (animal units / hectare) is most important in pasture management.

  1. Fertility management – to produce enough replacement , to improve dairy herd productivity . Cow must be given birth at right time to the calf .

. It’s better to provide a toll free no. to dairy farmers or some app is created by the govt. in which they get the knowledge about  diseases in animals, proper vaccination schedule , how to increase milk yield , by products obtained from milk to increase profit to the dairy farmers .

. Dairy technologies may be employed which increase automation and control , lessening burden on farmer ,while ensuring reliable operation and profitability .

Identify problems and constraints factors affecting decision making in farm . By proper identification of problems farmer get maximum profit , Some of major constraint to production and methods of minimising these constraints .

There is only a problem if farmer wants/ needs to improve

. to produce more

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. make more money

. get better return from labour

. comply with law / local convention .

Conclusion – Good management help production of good and quality products including milk , cheese , yoghurt and to improve social and economic status including earning of income .


 

Bhupika Dewangan

1 – 3rd year B.V.Sc. & A.H.

2 – College of Veterinary Science & Animal husbandry , Anjora , Durg , Chhattisgarh .

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