1.Hemant Kumar
& 2.Priyanka Tewari
1(Asst. Professor, Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, MJFCVAS, Chomu, Jaipur), Pin code-303702
2(M.V.Sc Student, Department of Veterinary Physiology, CVAS, Bikaner, RAJUVAS (Rajasthan), Pin code-334001
It is very deadly and life threatening disease which affect man, being spread by rodents. It has got resembles with human influenza and also known as Hanta virus pulmonary syndrome. Prevalent of Hanta virus is world-wide and recorded in India.
Etiology-
Hanta virus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is rare but severe, pulmonary Syndrome Pulmonary syndrome, sometime fatal, respiratory disease in human caused by infection of Hanta virus (RNA virus). Rodents known to carry Hanta virus include Deer mice, Cotton rat, rice Rat White footed mouse.
Transmission-
Case of human Hanta virus infection occur sporadically, usually in rural area where forest field and farmer offer suitable habitat for virus’s rodent host. Deer mice is the main offender. Deer mice carry the virus and the virus present in urine and faeces. Human get infection while they come in contact with contaminated urine faeces or even dust carrying virus.
Human to human:
transmission is not reported. Dog and cat are not known to carry Hanta virus.
Sign & Symptom- It has got similarity with human flu. It has two phases-
Early symptom –
Fever, Headaches muscle ach, stomach problems dizziness chills.
Late symptom-
Dry chough, Nausea & vomiting Shortness of breath.
Diagnosis-
History of potential rodent’s exposure, Fever and fatigue, Shortness of breath.
Test to be performed-
Isolation of virus, detection of virus by PCR, ELISA etc., Complete Blood Count, Kidney Function Test, Liver Function Test, X-ray of chest.
Treatment-
There is no specific treatment, cure or vaccine for HPS. This is such disease which needs immediate hospitalization to put the patients in ICU. In intensive care patients are intubated and given oxygen therapy to help them through the period of severe respiratory distress. Use of ribavirin (antiviral drug).
How can HPS be Control?
Avoid exposure to urine and drooping of rodents
Drinking disinfected water.
Clean your house.
Clean your kitchen.
Clean out nesting site of rodents.
References:
Bell, M. (2007). Viral Haemorrhagic Fever. In. Goldman, L. Ausisello, D eds, Cell Medicine 23rd ed.Philadelphia. P, Saunders Elsevier: 2007, Chapter.404.
Curtis, L. W., Linda, JS. A., Michel L. (2010). Model for the spread and persistence of Hantavirus infection in rodents with direct and indirect transmission. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering 7(1), 195.
Website : U.S Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
