Lumpy Skin Disease – An Emergency for Bovines
Dr. Mukesh Kumar1, Dr. K.N. Singh2, Dr. Nimgaonkar Mayur Sudhirrao2
- Asst professor Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology
2.M.V.Sc Scholar Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology
C.V.Sc & A.H., A.N.D.U.A.T, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, U.P. (224229).
E mail ID.: drmukesh1981@yahoo.com Mo. No: 7275091981
Introduction:
The LSDV, a member of the poxviridae family of the genus Capripox virus, is the culprit behind Lumpy Skin Disease. The livestock industry has suffered a significant economic loss as a result of this disease, which has affected both the production of milk and leather. It is a very contagious illness that is spread by biting fleas, mosquitoes, flies, and other insects as well as tainted food and drink and close contact with animals. In 1929, LSD was first discovered in Zambia. Cattle and buffalo are the main hosts. The fact that this illness is not zoonotic, or one that affects humans, is crucial. This disease has wreaked havoc in India, killing thousands in a number of regions, including Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh. The Indian government has established the policies necessary to stop its further spread.
Etiology:
The LSDV, a member of the poxviridae family of the genus Capripox, is responsible for this disease. This double-stranded DNA virus has a form similar to a brick. Only cattle and buffalo are impacted by this virus; dogs and cats are not affected.
Symptoms:
The first symptom displayed by an infected animal is biphasic fever; additional symptoms include swollen lymph nodes, conjunctivitis, nasal discharge, ocular discharge, and hypersalivation.
Large circumscribed nodules appearing all over the body are a pathognomic lesion for this illness. There may be serum beads exuding from the hyperemic skin that is affected. The lesions involve the epidermis, dermis, and sub-cutis, and frequently have considerable oedema. They are full skin thickness. They develop a (dimple) depression in the centre as they gradually harden. Additionally, milk production declines and the quality of the hide degrades because of nodules, both of which result in financial losses. Abortion was also discovered in some cases.
Economic Impact:
The effects are felt in a number of ways. One impact is a reduction in milk production, which causes the dairy business to suffer greatly, and another is the presence of nodules, which lowers the quality and market value of hide and causes losses for the leather industry.
Treatment:
There is no conclusive treatment for this illness because it is a viral condition. Use of antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections, administration of betadine ointment to cure wounds, and use of fly repellent to keep flies away and further reduce maggot wounds are all recommended.
Control Strategies:
The control of insects is crucial since the disease is arthropod carried, meaning that it spreads by bug bites. It is accomplished by smouldering manure with neem leaves in the evening. Keeping the sick animals apart. The ‘Goat Pox Vaccine’ is being used in impacted States to stop the spread of LSD because immunisation has produced positive outcomes, according to the Union Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairy. The likelihood of infection will also be reduced by wearing gloves and a face mask during milking.
