Management of Dystocia due to Fetal Ascites in Non-Descript Cattle- A case Report
Tapendra kumar1*, Maya Mehara2
- Phd Scholar, Department of veterinary gynaecology & obstetrics, College of veterinary & animal sciences (RAJUVAS) bikaner Rajasthan
- MVSc Scholar, Department of veterinary Public health, College of veterinary & animal sciences, bikaner Rajasthan
Corresponding author- tapendra.kumar17@gmail.com
Abstract
A case of dystocia due to ascitic fetus in anterior presentation was delivered by abdominocentosis and forced extraction in a cow.
Introduction
Dystocia is defined as delayed or difficult calving, sometimes requiring significant human assistance. Dystocia can also occur due to dropsical condition of fetus like hydrocephalus, ascites, hydrothorax and anasarca. Ascites may be caused either by the overproduction or insufficient drainage of peritoneal fluid, Obstruction of lymphatics, for various reasons may prevent disposal of peritoneal fluid. Ascitic foetus in full term pregnancy may cause dystocia in cows. In this case we report a successful management of dystocia due to fetal ascites in cattle by incising the fetal abdomen to take out the fluid from peritoneum.
Case history
An Nine-year-old cow in 5th parity completing normal gestation with the history of dystocia was reported at farmer field. The Animal was straining since previous night and appearance of two fetal limbs in birth canal. Owner had attempted just by pulling limbs, but failed to deliver fetus.
Clinical Examination and Diagnosis
On examination the Respiratory rate, temperature and pulse rate were normal. The per-vaginal examination revealed the completely relaxed cervix with fetus in anterior longitudinal presentation and dorso sacral position and two limbs in birth canal on pelvic region but the fetal abdomen was found greatly distended above the brim, and tense with lot of fluid. By all examination (history and clinical examination), the case was tentatively diagnosed as dystocia due to fetal ascites.
Handling of Dystocia and Treatment
First of all, epidural anaesthesia was administered to check the straining. After that both hand lubricated and then push into cervix through vaginal route then Abdomen of the dead fetus was punctured (abdominocentosis) twice with fetotomy knife, allowing considerable fluid to escape and huge amount (about 15 liters) straw coloured fluid was drained out. The fetal size was reduced and the ascites fetus was removed by gentle traction. Placenta was also taken out by rolling it on the hand. Animal was administered fluid therapy (5% dextrose and calcium borogluconate ) , corticosteroid to avoid dehydration and shock with other supportive therapy. Subsequently the animal was administered antibiotic to check secondary bacterial infection (inj- Oxytocin 50 IU IM), antihistaminic drugs and ecbolics 100 ml orally for 5 days and intrauterine boluses were also administered to prevent uterine infection . Dam recovered uneventfully.
Conlusion
Ascites may be due to hepatic lesions, general venous congestion or urinary obstruction with or without rupture of bladder.The fetal ascites resulted into dystocia as a result of increase in abdominal diameter. The etiology for polycystic kidney was not established yet, however, some etiologies responsible for renal cyst conditions are recognized to be related with autosomal recessive genes chemicals like corticosteroids and diphenylamine .
Reference
Arthur,G.H., Noakes, D.E., Pearson, H. and Parkinson, T.J. (1996). Veterinary Reproduction and obstetrics. 7th ed. W.B. Saunders Co. Ltd.Philadelphia, pp. 302-307.
https://www.pashudhanpraharee.com/fetal-anasarca-as-a-cause-of-dystocia-a-clinical-report/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342626489_MANAGEMENT_OF_DYSTOCIA_DUE_TO_FETAL_ASCITES
