Probiotics and Gut Health
1Dr. Devender Choudhary , 2Dr. Kanika Poonia, 3Dr. Manoj Kumar
1Project Associate, RAJUVAS, Bikaner, 2Ph.D. Scholar RAJUVAS, Bikaner, 3Ph.D. Scholar I.V.R.I, Bareilly, U.P.
The livestock and poultry industry is an important part of the economy and lifestyle for many countries and people. With the increasing demand for animal-derived food, the livestock and poultry industry needs to be more healthy and rapidly developed to keep up with the pace of demand. Maintaining intestinal health is critical to the livestock and poultry industry.
The intestinal immune system is affected by various factors during its development, such as maternal antibodies, host genes, intestinal microbial composition and activity, and various stresses. The intestines of animals, especially those in their infancy or weaning period, are particularly vulnerable to pathogens from different sources (feeding environment, diet, and even the mother).The application of probiotics can reduce the spread of pathogens in livestock and poultry, improve the digestion and absorption of intestinal nutrients, and maintain a healthy microecological state. In addition, the use of antimicrobial drugs used in veterinary therapeutics to prevent and treat diseases in recent decades has led to drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, causing the treatment of antimicrobial drugs to be questioned. Therefore, antibiotics have been banned on a large scale and replacements are urgently needed. The utilization of probiotics has been considered to fill this gap and has had some success. In 2002, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) defined probiotics as “live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host”. More precisely, probiotics are non-toxic and non-pathogenic living microorganisms that can be administered through the digestive route to bring beneficial effects to the host. The probiotics commonly used are Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Bacillus, and yeast, and have been incorporated into human probiotics products. In recent years, a large number of animal models and clinical intervention studies have provided strong evidence to explore the potential prevention and treatment of many diseases with probiotics. Probiotics affect the absorption of minerals by changing the pH level of the gut, degrading cholesterol in the gut to lower cholesterol levels, producing digestive enzymes that promote the breakdown of carbohydrates, and even synthesizing important nutrients such as vitamins. Besides synthesizing nutrients, probiotics may improve the digestion of proteins and lipids and combine with enzymes to break down food substances into simpler forms for digestion and absorption. Moreover, due to the high-fermentation activity of probiotics, intestinal digestion is improved to a great extent, thus the production and activity of intestinal digestive enzymes are increased.
Although gut microbes have been studied for decades and have been implicated in the development of many diseases, it is not clear whether they are caused by the microbes or the effect of the gut. Scientific evidence shows that probiotics play an important role in the digestive system and influence the development of diseases.
https://www.pashudhanpraharee.com/concept-of-gut-health-in-poultry/
https://www.credihealth.com/blog/benefits-of-taking-probiotics-supplements-for-gut-health/
