Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE)
Concern about Streptococcus dysgalactiae infections has been increasing worldwide, and many cases of invasive infections have been reported. Streptococcus dysgalactiae has two main subspecies: S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) and S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (SDSD). The epidemiology of invasive SDSE infections is not well understood, and the exact numbers of human SDSE infections are not known because standard laboratories are not able to identify Lancefield group C streptococci (GCS) or group G streptococci (GGS) to the species level. SDSE is often present in skin lesions, and sites of SDSE colonization and focal SDSE infections serve as the principal reservoirs for the transmission of skin and soft-tissue infections. Although the person-to-person transmission of S. pyogenes infections has been reported, the intra-familial transmission of SDSE has not been reported.SDSE has been recovered from nasal and throat secretions, tonsils, and vaginal and preputial secretions of swine . In piglets, the most common sources of infection are vaginal secretions and milk from postparturient sows, and the major routes of transmission are traumatic injuries to the feet and skin lesions resulting from the rough floor surfaces of farrowing pens . SDSE infections in pigs can result in arthritis, endocarditis, or meningitis, creating a loss of productivity in the pig industry. In humans, the incidence of SDSE infections, which can result in septic arthritis, pneumonia, endocarditis, or meningitis, is increasing worldwide .Although numerous studies have reported that SDSE of animal origin is clearly distinct from that in humans, two recent studies have suggested that SDSE-associated human streptococcosis may be a zoonotic infection .
Compiled & Shared by- Team, LITD (Livestock Institute of Training & Development)
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