Technologies Developed in poultry

Technologies Developed

• Vanaraja,a dual-purpose variety for free range farming in rural and tribal areas was developed and improved further. In Vanaraja, males weigh about 1.2 to 1.5 kg at 10 wks and females lay about 120-140 eggs in laying year. The bird is hardy and has better immunocompetence. Because of its multi coloured plumage and brown eggs, it is well accepted by the rural people across the country including Andaman & Nicobar islands, Jammu & Kashmir and the north-eastern region.
• Gramapriya, a layer type variety was developed for free range farming in rural and tribal areas. The bird has the production potential of 230-240 eggs in a year and can lay 160-180 eggs in free-range conditions with minimum supplementary feeding. The males weigh around 1.2 to 1.5kg at 15 wks of age and suitable for tandooripreparations. The bird has coloured plumage and lays bigger (57-59g) and brown eggs. It is hardy and livability is high. The rural and tribal farmers of many states are being profited by this variety.
• Krishibro,a broiler cross developed by this institute ranked third among 9 broiler crosses form both private and public sector in the 24^th Random sample poultry performance test (RSPPT) for broilers held during 2005 at Gurgaon. Krishbro weighed 1.44 and 1.92kg at 42^nd and 49^th d and 7^th wk of age, respectively with the corresponding feed efficiency of 2.05 and 2.13. Dressing percentage was 72.6%.
• Krishi layer, a commercial layer variety was evolved utilizing IWH and IWI lines for the benefit of the farmers. The variety has the potential to lay about 280 eggs/year on hen housed basis.

Srinidhi – A new promising dual-purpose variety for rural poultry

Directorate of Poultry Research (DPR) has evolved Srinidhi,  a new promising  dual purpose variety  for rural poultry production. Srinidhi has optimum body weight and better egg production. It has been selected from the six test crosses developed at PDP.  It was evaluated twice for full length of production cycle of 72 weeks at the institute farm. Its juvenile body weight at 6 weeks of age was 650 g and males weighed 2353 g at 15 weeks of age. The age at sexual maturity was 161 days. The egg production upto 40 weeks of age was 90 eggs and the annual egg production was 228 eggs under intensive system of rearing. The survivability was more than 95%. Subsequently, the variety was evaluated under field conditions in Tripura, Jharkhand and Andhra Pradesh. In the backyards, the juvenile body weight at 6 weeks of age was 500-550 g, the age at sexual maturity was 170-175 days. The egg production upto 40 weeks of age was 55-60 eggs and the bird has potential to lay 140-150 eggs per year under backyard. This variety was unveiled by Prof. K.M.L. Pathak, Deputy Director General (Animal Science) on 2^nd March 2013 on the occasion of Silver Jubilee celebrations of Project Directorate on Poultry.

Salient features under rural backyards

• Multi coloured plumage
• Longer shanks
• Coloured and bigger eggs (53-55 g)
• Juvenile b.wt. : 500-550 g at 6 weeks
• Early maturing  (175 days)
• Annual egg production : 150 eggs

Kamrupa: A dual purpose variety for free range farming in Assan

“Kamrupa” is a multi-coloured bird for rural poultry production developed under All India Coordinated Research Project on Poultry Breeding at Assam Agriculture University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam. It is three way cross developed using Assam local ecotype (25%), Coloured Broiler (25%) and Dalhem Red (50%) population. This variety has coloured plumage, mediocre body weight and longer shanks with optimum egg production. Under backyard system, the body weight at 8 and 20 weeks is 500-650 grams and 1300-1500grams, respectively.  The male birds weigh 1800-2200 grams at 40 weeks of age the annual egg production is 118-130 eggs with an egg weight of 52 grams.  The survivability is above 95%.  This new variety was released on 11th February 2015 in the presence of Prof. K.M.L.Pathak DDG (AS), Dr. K.M. Bujarbaruah, Vice Chancellor, AAU, Jorhat, Assam at Guwahati.

NARMADANIDHI : Dual purpose coloured bird suitable for rural and tribal areas poultry farming in Madhya Pradesh

All India coordinated Research Project on Poultry Breeding Deptt. of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa-Vidyalaya, Jabalpur has developed a dual purpose coloured chicken Variety (replica of deshifowl) i.e. Narmada Nidhi which resemble to desi fowl/native chicken in appearance but having higher production potential under backyard, free range scavenging. It is having 25% inheritance of native i.e. local breed Kadaknath and 75% of improved broiler germplasm (Jabalpur col.). Well know for high suitability and adaptability under rural management system. It Produce brown shell egg  weighing around 51g. Male attained 1 kg body weight in 9-10 weeks of age and body weight at  20 weeks ranged from 1550 to 2210g in males and 1310 to 1730g in females. The female matured on an average 161 days of age (intensive) and produces 181 eggs in backyard 4 times higher than the local native (45 eggs) and 195 under semi intensive system of management. Dual purpose coloured bird ‘Narmada Nidhi’ is thus and outcome of specific breeding approaches aiming to utilize maximum heterosis, higher potential in the progeny.

PRATAPDHAN: dual purpose coloured bird for RAJASTHAN

AICRP on Poultry Breeding, MPUAT, Udaipur has developed a dual purpose chicken variety to cater the needs of rural poultry keepers, recently coined as PRATAPDHAN  which resembles local birds of Rajasthan. Attractive multicolour feather pattern, as rural people like coloured birds from aesthetic point of view and better looking. Because of colour plumage birds have camouflagic characters to protect themselves from predators. bBirds have longer shank length which helps in self protection from predators in backyard areas and has capacity to survive on low plane of nutrition (low and negligible input) and harsh climatic conditions. It lays brown eggs weighing around 50 g and has broody characteristic to some extent. It has fast growth rate with average adult body weight at 20 weeks of age ranged from 1478 to 3020 g in males and 1283 to 2736 g in females. The age at sexual maturity was 170 days. Pratapdhan produces 161 eggs annually, which is 274% higher than local native (43 eggs).

Jharsim: A location specific rural poultry variety for Jharkhand

A dual  purpose location specific variety, Jharsim, suitable for Jharkhand state developed under All India Co-Ordinated Research Project on Poultry Breeding, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi Centre, was released on 11^thApril, 2016 by Hon’ble Dy. Director General (Animal Science) ICAR, Dr. H. Rahman in the presence of Dr. George John, Vice-chancellor, BAU, Ranchi, Dr. R. S. Gandhi ADG (AP&B), ICAR, Dr. R. N. Chatterjee, Director, Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad and Dr. Vineet Bhasin, Principal Scientist (AG&B), ICAR.

The name Jharsim is derived from Jhar for Jarkhand and sim meaning hen in tribal dialect. These birds have attractive multi-colour plumage, perform better on low plane of nutrition, faster growth, optimum egg production and better adaptability to agro climatic conditions of Jharkhand.  The birds weigh 400-500g at 6 weeks and 1600-1800 g at maturity under backyard system. The age at first egg is 175-180 days and egg weight is 52-55g at 40 weeks of age. The birds have the potential to lay 165-170 eggs and under backyard system. This variety can provide higher supplementary income and nutrition through both egg and meat to rural/ tribal population of the state.

• Swethapriya, a layer for small scale intensive and rural poultry was developed. The bird has white plumage with brown/black spots and has potential to lay close to 200 eggs under scavenging conditions. It is particularly popular in Kerala and other regions.

• A promising broiler crosswith promising body weight was developed with PB-1 and Naked neck chickens
• Low cost alternate feed ingredients to maize (fox tail millet, pearl millet or tanning free sorghum) and soyabean meal (sunflower cake or low glucosinalate mustard cake or up to 67% with til cake) for use in broiler and layer diet without affecting the performance
• Cost effective phytase, cholecalciferol or organic acids supplementation for releasing bound phosphorus from phytate of plant feed ingredients
• Effective and economic ways of detoxifying karanj cake with Isopropanol and mycotoxins with dietary manipulations in broiler diet
• Microsatellite marker based genotyping technique (non-radioactive method) for molecular characterization of chicken lines
• Molecular typing of birds with non-radioactive single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique
• PCR based assays for detection and differentiation of Mareks disease virus and Avian Leukosis virus
• Duplex PCR for detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticumand Mycoplasma synoviae
• PCR-RFLP method for differentiation of field strains of M gallisepticumfrom vaccine strains of Mycoplasma gallisepticum
• Thermostabe Newcastle disease virus vaccine for control of Newcastle disease in rural poultry

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